Echocardiography Textbook 1.4

This comprehensive application encompasses 49 chapters that meticulously cover the full spectrum of echocardiography, ranging from fundamental concepts to cutting-edge techniques. Efforts have been made to uphold a high standard of quality throughout the application.

A significant focus is placed on the execution of basic two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography, with dedicated chapters designed specifically for beginners. Both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic modalities are thoroughly detailed.

Chapters are also allocated to important topics such as chamber quantification, assessment of systolic and diastolic function, and the evaluation of congenital and valvular heart diseases. Additionally, there are specialized sections on coronary artery disease, stress echocardiography, and myocardial contrast echocardiography. These segments highlight critical aspects such as strain analysis, regional wall motion abnormalities, and ejection fraction assessments.

The application emphasizes the role of echocardiography in various cardiac interventions. Dedicated chapters focus on its application in transcutaneous aortic valve replacement, mitral valve interventions, and treatments related to structural heart disease in both the cardiac catheterization laboratory and surgical settings.

Moreover, the relevance of echocardiography in electrophysiology is explored, particularly concerning patients with pacemakers and those undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Finally, the application addresses unique challenges faced in India, including medicolegal issues and discussions surrounding the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act. These topics are examined in great detail in the concluding chapter.